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CS431 Assignment 1 Solution and Discussion

CS431 - Wireless Communication

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Re: CS431 Assignment 1 Solution and Discussion

Assignment No. 01
Semester: Spring 2020
Wireless Communications – CS431 Total Marks: 10
Due Date: 30-05-2020
Assignment Objective:
• To enhance the student knowledge about the application and usage of different types of transmission medium along with different frequency ranges.
Uploading instructions:
• Your assignment must be in .doc or .docx format (Any other formats like scan images, pdf, bmp, etc will not be accepted).
• Save your assignment with your ID (e.g. bc020200786.doc).
• No assignment will be accepted through email.
Rules for Marking:
It should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if:
• The assignment is submitted after due date.
• The submitted assignment does not open or file is corrupted.
• Your assignment is copied from internet, handouts or from any other student
• Assignment is covered from lectures 01 to 03.
For any query about the assignment, contact at [email protected]

Assignment Questions
Question No.1 (5 Marks)
Mr. Ahmad is a telecom engineer and he is going to establish a CCTV system for his “ABC organization”. He will install towers at some specific distances to monitor the movement of the people around the “ABC organization”.
Keeping in view the above scenario, answer the following questions with solid reasons:

(a) Which type of microwaves will be required for transmission?
(b) Which type of transmission medium will be used in this scenario?

Question No. 2 (5 Marks)
Consider a channel with a bandwidth of 20 kHz transmitting a signal with two signal levels. You are required to calculate the maximum data bit-rate of a noiseless channel? Mention all necessary formula/calculation steps.

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Use the caesar cipher method to encrypt the word “ACTIVATION” and show the complete process step by step.

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Chose a number form 1 to 26 .the number will represent the key or the “shift” value that will be used to shift the standard Alphabet.

KEY= 4

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V

Now bottom row of ALPHABE will now by known as Cipher ALPHABET.

KEY=4

Message =”ACTIVATION”

Plain : A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Cipher: W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V

Ciper text : WYPERWPEKI
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Answer to Q#1
Modern transponders can carry many different types of communications traffic. They can also receive signals from multiple ground stations, combining (multiplexing) or splitting (de-multiplexing) them for onwards transmission to other multiple ground stations. This method, by which many users share a common satellite resource, is called Multiple Access. There are several schemes for accomplishing this, each with its benefits and drawbacks.

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) allocates a time slot to the user in a repetitive time frame. The signal is digitized and the data bits are stored in a buffer in a compressed time frame until their allocated time slot comes around when they are transmitted during their allocated time. At the receiver end of the link the bits are rearranged, spreading them out to reassemble the original digital signal and converted back to analogue form. The signal occupies the entire transponder bandwidth, but only during its allocated time slot. The rest of the time the bandwidth is available to other users. Digital signals typically have better noise immunity than analogue signals.

FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) shares the bandwidth between the users, with each user allocated a unique, narrower section of the available bandwidth. It works with analogue signals and all users have uninterrupted use of their own narrow frequency band or channel with all users occupying the available bandwidth simultaneously, each within their own narrow channel. The sender’s signal, called the baseband signal, is frequency shifted into the allocated frequency band for transmission and the receiver restores it back to the baseband.

CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) also known a Spread Spectrum, modulates the user’s signal with a pseudorandom code so that it occupies the full available spectrum, appearing as noise. The receiver uses the same pseudorandom code in an auto correlator device, which only recognizes a signal modulated with the same auto code and thus separates it from the noise. CDMA is more complex but has better noise immunity and provides greater security than the other two systems.

Answer to Q#2
• Mobile Service Satellites (MSS)
• Example: Satellite Phones
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@zareen said in CS406 Assignment 3 Solution and Discussion:

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