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@cyberian My Pleasure…!

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click on login as you can see below picture.
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moaaz

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Please share More material for preparation of Final term papers 2019

moaaz

Useful for operations that access significant amounts of data.
Useful for operations that can be implemented independent of each other “Divide-&-Conquer”

Parallel execution improves processing for:

Large table scans and joins
Creation of large indexes
Partitioned index scans
Bulk inserts, updates, and deletes
Aggregations and copying

moaaz

Yes @cyberian we have i will send soon! keep in touch

moaaz

HTML image link code

<a href="...../site-logo.png"><img src="site-logo.png" width="82" height="86" title="Cyberian" alt="Cyberian Logo"></a>

Or better use css styling to determine the width and height.

<a href="...../site-logo.png"><img src="site-logo.png" width:82px; height:86px" title="Cyberian" alt="Cyberian Logo"></a>

This code has the following parts:

“<a>” is link tag.
“href” attribute sets URL to link to.
“<img>” the image start.
“src” attribute sets the image file.
“title” attribute sets the image tool-tip text.
“alt” is the image tag alternative text attribute.
“style” attribute sets with “css” with detail size of image “width” and “height” of the image.
“</a>” is the link end tag.

moaaz

DigiSkills Training Program is Pakistan’s first Online Training Program (HEC Recognized VU Federal University) to empower the youth and other peoples with skills that are in-demand in freelance market all over the word. It consists of multiple online skill-based training courses. The very unique feature of this program is that the course content has been designed specifically for a Pakistani audience in a mix of Urdu-English language.
DigiSkills Training Program is an initiative of the Government of Pakistan spearheaded by Ministry of IT & Telecom through Ignite - National Technology Fund (formerly National ICT R&D Fund) and executed by Virtual University of Pakistan.
You should join this program to enhance/learn skills that are in-demand in freelance markets. Learning these skills will enable you to become part of rapidly growing freelance market and earn without looking for a job.
There is no fee and the program is being offered absolutely for FREE! All you have to do is sign up for the program and start training in courses which suits you.
This is an online training program. Once you sign up for this program and enroll the courses, you get access to DigiSkills Online Learning Management System. On LMS all modules videos and content you are enrolled in will be available. You can access it from anywhere, like from your home or office, all you need is a computer with Internet connectivity. You can self-pace the training or you can follow the announced time table which will be available on Portal.
To watch the videos of current week:
Login into https://lms.digiskills.pk/
You will find your enrolled courses directly from the Home Screen on your LMS under “My current Courses” section. Click on the respective course, and you will be redirected to the “Topic content” tab. Here you can watch the Videos of the current week.
To go to the next topic video, click on “Next Topic" link available on the top right side.
To watch the videos of current and previous weeks:
After logging in to your LMS account, click on “Course Website” book icon under ‘My current Courses’ section.
Here you’ll see the topics of the current and previous weeks under ‘Course topics’ tab.
Click on ‘week’ of which you want to watch Videos.
Click on any topic; it will redirect you to the “Topic Content” tab. Here you can watch the Video.
To go to the next topic video, click on “Next Topic" link available on the top right side.
You can ask questions at any time using the DigiSkills Learning Management System or DigiSkills.pk Contact Us page. Our coaches are there to respond your queries
There are three interfaces where you can ask questions.
Discussion board: If you are an enrolled trainee then visit discussion board of LMS to post your query. On discussion board you can ask question, help other trainees by commenting on their queries, see previous queries related to that specific topic
Online support: You can ask your general queries related to LMS, Course and other matters related to DigiSkills.pk
Mobile phone number: You can call on +92 311-111-3444 and ask your question directly from the coach.
Yes, you will get e-Certificate from DigiSkills Training Program if you will fulfill course completion criteria. DigiSkills e-Certificate will be issued by the Virtual University of Pakistan.
You can sign up for this program by visiting https://digiskills.pk/Register.aspx. This training program is completely free for everyone.
There are 10 courses that are being offered in this program.
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Freelancing
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E-Commerce Management
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Creative Writing
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Graphics Design
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QuickBooks
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WordPress
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AutoCAD
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Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
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Digital Marketing
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Digital Literacy
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To access the DigiSkills program you need to have a good stable internet connection at home along with a computer (Desktop or laptop). The DigiSkills program is not optimized for phones so we recommend that you use a desktop or a laptop device to access the training videos and the course material.
There is no minimum educational requirement to take the DigiSkills training and we encourage everyone who can read, write and understand English to take the training to build their future as a freelancer.
Even if you are a freelancer, you can enroll in our DigiSkill Training Program to learn new skills to make more money or enhance your freelancing portfolio by learning from experienced freelancers and experts. This course will definitely offer something new and helpful to existing freelancers.
You can Sign in with your registered Email Address and Password and regenerate activation email to activate your account.
The course related study material, videos and all related links such as, Course Website, Announcements, and Discussions etc. will be accessible after the start of the batch. We encourage you to sign up and you will automatically be notified once the batch starts.
There are total of 10 courses that will be offered in this program. In one batch a trainee can take up to maximum of two (2) courses. In this way, you can get training of all the 10 courses in 5 batches. The limit is imposed to make sure a trainee gets the maximum value out of the courses they are enrolled in and can actively participate in discussions, coaching and assignments.
Each component (Video, Hands-on Exercise and Quiz) carries a certain percentage of the total score of 100 as given below:

Watching Topic Videos through LMS = 60%

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Hands-on Exercises = 25%
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Quizzes = 15% 
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Example:
If you watch 70% videos, submit 50% Hands-on exercises, and 60% quizzes: your total score will be as follows:

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Video score: 42
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Exercise score: 12.5
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Quiz score: 9
```

Total score: 63.5 (eligible for E-certificate)

This program will help the trainees to learn new skills. As soon a trainee learns any skill, he\she can make online profile on any freelance marketplace. Trainees will be encouraged to find jobs online on their own through freelancing platforms. During the training, our coaches will help you in making profile and bidding for the projects in freelance markets.
This program has been launched to train people in those skills that are demanded in freelance markets. It will not offer jobs to trainees, rather, it will offer skill-based trainings, which will enable them to get projects from freelance markets.
Which course is suitable for you, it depends on your interest and to some extent on your previous education. All courses are equal in importance. Freelancing course is mandatory, whereas, from the remaining courses, you can select any course which excites you. Courses’ introduction and learning outcomes that are available on web portal can help you in deciding.
You can reset your password yourself through “Forgot Password” link available on “Sign In” page and follow the given instructions. If the problem persists, you can contact the support team using Contact Us interface.
The content and videos of each week will be made available on the respective Monday by 10 AM.
First, you need to sign up for this program by visiting https://digiskills.pk/Register.aspx. After Signup, you can enroll in any two courses of your choice. Freelancing is a mandatory course for the trainees enrolling the course(s) for first time.
Note: Enrollment will open one month prior to the commencement of each upcoming batch.
Enrollment for the courses of the fourth batch will start from July 01, 2019, and the training will start from August 01, 2019.
Yes, you can access all the previous course material including videos that you have missed during the training period. Lectures of each course are offered on weekly basis.
All the videos and learning material for each module will be available on DigiSkills Online Learning Platform. You can self-pace the training or you can follow the announced time table which will be available on Portal.
Yes, you can access previous courses videos under “My Previous Courses” section on LMS. However, other content material (Exercises, Handouts, Internet Links, etc.) will not be available for previous courses.
Following link will help you in understanding about the use of LMS:
https://lms.digiskills.pk/OrientationVideo.aspx
The loan up to Rs. 100,000 will be provided by Akhuwat Foundation, to only those participants of DigiSkills.pk, who attained the e-Certificates and fulfills the Akhuwat Foundation’s criteria. To learn more about it, please visit: https://www.digiskills.pk/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsId=17
Note: Loan amount will be decided by the Akhuwat foundation depending upon Applicant’s proposal.
The eligible trainees will only get the soft copy of a verified e-certificate for each of their respective courses. You can access a verified e-certificate as soon as course certificates become available in your Learning Management System.
To download your e-certificate from LMS, please consider these steps; Login to your LMS -> Click on the ‘My Results’ link under the ‘Trainee Services’ section (available on the homepage) -> Now click on the ‘View’ option for any of the completed courses, it will redirect you to the e-certificate. -> ‘Download’ and ‘Print’ options are available on the top right corner of that page.

moaaz

unfortunate google block link in store so we will upload HERE asap

moaaz

Introduction to Parallel Execution
Parallel execution enables the application of multiple CPU and I/O resources to the execution of a single database operation. It dramatically reduces response time for data-intensive operations on large databases typically associated with a decision support system (DSS) and data warehouses. You can also implement parallel execution on an online transaction processing (OLTP) system for batch processing or schema maintenance operations such as index creation. Parallel execution is sometimes called parallelism. Parallelism is the idea of breaking down a task so that, instead of one process doing all of the work in a query, many processes do part of the work at the same time. An example of this is when four processes combine to calculate the total sales for a year, each process handles one quarter of the year instead of a single process handling all four quarters by itself. The improvement in performance can be quite significant. Parallel execution improves processing for:

Queries requiring large table scans, joins, or partitioned index scans

Creation of large indexes

Creation of large tables (including materialized views)

Bulk insertions, updates, merges, and deletions

You can also use parallel execution to access object types within Oracle Database. For example, you can use parallel execution to access large objects (LOBs).

If the necessary parallel server processes are not available for parallel execution, a SQL statement is queued when the parallel degree policy is set to automatic. After the necessary resources become available, the SQL statement is dequeued and allowed to execute. The parallel statement queue operates as a first-in, first-out queue by default. If the query in front of the queue cannot be scheduled, none of the queries in the queue can be scheduled even if resources are available in the system to ensure that the query at the head of the queue has adequate resources. However, if you configure and set up a resource plan, then you can control the order in which parallel statements are dequeued and the number of parallel servers used by each workload or consumer group. For information, refer to “Managing Parallel Statement Queuing with Resource Manager”.

This section contains the following topics:

When to Implement Parallel Execution

When Not to Implement Parallel Execution

Fundamental Hardware Requirements

Operations That Can Use Parallel Execution

When to Implement Parallel Execution
Parallel execution benefits systems with all of the following characteristics:

Symmetric multiprocessors (SMPs), clusters, or massively parallel systems

Sufficient I/O bandwidth

Underutilized or intermittently used CPUs (for example, systems where CPU usage is typically less than 30%)

Sufficient memory to support additional memory-intensive processes, such as sorting, hashing, and I/O buffers

If your system lacks any of these characteristics, parallel execution might not significantly improve performance. In fact, parallel execution may reduce system performance on overutilized systems or systems with small I/O bandwidth.

The benefits of parallel execution can be seen in DSS and data warehouse environments. OLTP systems can also benefit from parallel execution during batch processing and during schema maintenance operations such as creation of indexes. The average simple DML or SELECT statements that characterize OLTP applications would not experience any benefit from being executed in parallel.

When Not to Implement Parallel Execution
Parallel execution is not typically useful for:

Environments in which the typical query or transaction is very short (a few seconds or less).

This includes most online transaction systems. Parallel execution is not useful in these environments because there is a cost associated with coordinating the parallel execution servers; for short transactions, the cost of this coordination may outweigh the benefits of parallelism.

Environments in which the CPU, memory, or I/O resources are heavily utilized.

Parallel execution is designed to exploit additional available hardware resources; if no such resources are available, then parallel execution does not yield any benefits and indeed may be detrimental to performance.

Fundamental Hardware Requirements
Parallel execution is designed to effectively use multiple CPUs and disks to answer queries quickly. It is very I/O intensive by nature. To achieve optimal performance, each component in the hardware configuration must be sized to sustain the same level of throughput: from the CPUs and the Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) in the compute nodes, to the switches, and on into the I/O subsystem, including the storage controllers and the physical disks. If the system is an Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) system, then the interconnection also has to be sized appropriately. The weakest link is going to limit the performance and scalability of operations in a configuration.

It is recommended to measure the maximum I/O performance a hardware configuration can achieve without Oracle database. This measurement can be used as a baseline for the future system performance evaluations. Remember, it is not possible for parallel execution to achieve better I/O throughput than the underlying hardware can sustain. Oracle Database provides a free calibration tool called Orion, which is designed to measure the I/O performance of a system by simulating Oracle I/O workloads. A parallel execution typically performs large random I/Os.

Operations That Can Use Parallel Execution
You can use parallel execution for any of the following:

Access methods

Some examples are table scans, index fast full scans, and partitioned index range scans.

Join methods

Some examples are nested loop, sort merge, hash, and star transformation.

DDL statements

Some examples are CREATE TABLE AS SELECT, CREATE INDEX, REBUILD INDEX, REBUILD INDEX PARTITION, and MOVE/SPLIT/COALESCE PARTITION.

You can typically use parallel DDL where you use regular DDL. There are, however, some additional details to consider when designing your database. One important restriction is that parallel DDL cannot be used on tables with object or LOB columns.

All of these DDL operations can be performed in NOLOGGING mode for either parallel or serial execution.

The CREATE TABLE statement for an index-organized table can be run with parallel execution either with or without an AS SELECT clause.

Different parallelism is used for different operations. Parallel CREATE (partitioned) TABLE AS SELECT and parallel CREATE (partitioned) INDEX statements run with a degree of parallelism (DOP) equal to the number of partitions.

DML statements

Some examples are INSERT AS SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and MERGE operations.

Parallel DML (parallel insert, update, merge, and delete operations) uses parallel execution mechanisms to speed up or scale up large DML operations against large database tables and indexes. You can also use INSERT … SELECT statements to insert rows into multiple tables as part of a single DML statement. You can ordinarily use parallel DML where you use regular DML.

Although data manipulation language usually includes queries, the term parallel DML refers only to inserts, updates, merges, and deletes done in parallel.

Parallel query

You can run queries and subqueries in parallel in SELECT statements, plus the query portions of DDL statements and DML statements (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and MERGE).

Miscellaneous SQL operations

Some examples are GROUP BY, NOT IN, SELECT DISTINCT, UNION, UNION ALL, CUBE, and ROLLUP, plus aggregate and table functions.

SQL*Loader

You can use SQL*Loader in parallel execution where large amounts of data are routinely encountered. To speed up your load operations, you can use a parallel direct-path load as in the following example:

sqlldr CONTROL=LOAD1.CTL DIRECT=TRUE PARALLEL=TRUE
sqlldr CONTROL=LOAD2.CTL DIRECT=TRUE PARALLEL=TRUE
sqlldr CONTROL=LOAD3.CTL DIRECT=TRUE PARALLEL=TRUE
You provide your user Id and password on the command line. You can also use a parameter file to achieve the same result.

An important point to remember is that indexes are not maintained during a parallel load.

Source

moaaz

@myra Please check this link

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moaaz

In conventional programming approach programming is sequential task that is performed in three sequential steps, first one is designing, then coding/programming and then debugging. On the other hand, Knowledge engineering, we are designing the Expert System that involve different activities like assessment, knowledge acquisition, design, testing, documentations and maintenance. In Conventional programming we only focuses on solution of the problem while in Expert System ES programming focuses in problem. In Knowledge Engineering main philosophy on right knowledge base, because solution will be derived from the generic reasoning machine.

moaaz

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