PSC201 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion

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International Relations PSC201
Department of Mass Communication
Virtual University of Pakistan Fall 2019
ASSIGNMENT NO.2 MARKS: 15
Learning Objectives:
 To develop the understanding of International organizations.
 To develop the understanding of roles played by the UN.
International Organizations (UN)
Peacekeeping is one of the most effective aspect of the United Nations in the promotion and maintenance of international peace and security. Yet ensuring peacekeeping faces several challenges that undermine its ability to deliver its mandates. Political solutions are often sidelined, and missions seem to have mandates that lack focus and clear priorities.
Task
Discuss the role of the UN in the context of India-Pakistan on Kashmir dispute post the abrogation of the Article 370… (15 Marks)
Learning Outcomes:
 Students will be able to understand the UN role on Kashmir dispute.
 Note: Copied material will be graded “Zero”
Schedule
Opening Date and Time January 07 , 2019 at 12:01 A.M (midnight) Due Date and Time January 13 ,2019 at 11:59 P.M (midnight)
Note: Only in the case of Assignment, 24 Hrs extra / grace period after the above mentioned due date is usually available to overcome uploading difficulties which may be faced by the students on the last date. This extra time should only be used to meet the emergencies and above mentioned due dates should always be treated as final to avoid any inconvenience.

Important Instructions:
Deadline: Make sure that you upload the solution file before the due date. No assignment will be accepted through e-mail once the solution has been uploaded by the instructor.
Formatting guidelines:
 Use the font style “Times New Roman” and font size “12”.
 It is advised to compose your document in MS-Word.
 Use black and blue font colors only.
Solution guidelines:
 Use APA style for referencing and citation. For guided search “APA reference style” in Google and read various websites containing information for better understanding or visit http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/henrichsenl/apa/APA01.html
 Every student will work individually and has to write in the form of an analytical assignment.
 Give the answer, according to question, there will be negative marking for irrelevant material.
 For acquiring the relevant knowledge don’t rely only on handouts, but watch the video lectures and use other reference books also.
Rules for Marking:
Please note that your assignment will not be graded or graded as Zero (0) if:
 It has been submitted after the due date
 The file you uploaded does not open or is corrupt

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Idea Solution provided please check…

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@zareen said in PSC201 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion:

Discuss the role of the UN in the context of India-Pakistan on Kashmir dispute post the abrogation of the Article 370… (15 Marks)

Ideas Solution:
Kashmir’s accession to India was soon complicated by the parties’ unilateral actions and the involvement of the international community.Just months after assuming British India’s position in the United Nations.
India brought the issue of Pakistani interference in Kashmir before the U.N. Security Council on January 1, 1948.3 3 Pursuant to Article 35 of the U.N. Charter, India alleged that Pakistan had assisted in the invasion of Kashmir by providing military equipment, training and supplies to the Pathan warriors. Denying any participation in the invasion, Pakistan leveled counter-charges, accusing India of involvement in the massacres of Muslims in Kashmir, aggression against Pakistan, and questioning the validity of the Maharaja’s accession to India.35 Pakistan requested that the Security Council appoint a commission to secure a cease-fire, ensure withdrawal of outside forces, and conduct a plebiscite to determine Kashmir’s future.36 Without addressing the original complaint lodged by India, the Security Council adopted a resolution establishing the United Nations Commission on India and Pakistan [UNCIP]. The stated purpose of the Commission was to make findings of fact pursuant to Article 34 and to act as a mediating influence.38Shortly thereafter, the Security Council adopted another resolution,this time voicing its support for Kashmiri self-determination and recognizing the need for a plebiscite. The plebiscite would be conducted under the supervision of an administrator appointed by the U.N. Secretary General and certified as fair by UNCIP. The resolution also called for withdrawal of armed Pakistani tribesmen and a reduction41of Indian forces to the minimum necessary.Both parties balked at the terms of the resolution, fearing that the other party would gain a strategic advantage. The situation was complicated by the revelation that regular Pakistani troops were already inside the borders of Kashmir and that the tribal invasion and Indian intervention had evolved into a state of war between India and Pakistan by the time UNCIP arrived. Upon its arrival in Karachi on July 7, 1948,the Commission was informed by Pakistan’s foreign minister that three brigades had already been deployed in clear disregard of the Security42Council’s resolutions, and contradictory to Pakistan’s own statements.
The Pakistani forces were stationed in support of the tribesmen, now assembled as the Azad Kashmir movement, and fighting continued. On August 13, 1948, UNCIP adopted a significant resolution, which contained a three part proposed agreement. Part I called for a cease-fire between the opposing forces. Part II required Pakistan to withdraw its troops and use its best efforts to secure the withdrawal of armed tribesmen, and provided that the evacuated territory would bead ministered by local authorities.4 Upon withdrawal of Pakistani forces and tribesmen, India was to withdraw the bulk of its forces.4 5 Finally,Part III restated the principle that the future of Kashmir should be determined by a vote of its people. A cease-fire was negotiated and signed on January 1, 1949 .Shortly thereafter, the Commission clarified the August 13 resolution,stating that the issue of Kashmir’s accession should be determined by a plebiscite after the requirements of Parts I and II of the resolution were fulfilled. The proposals contained in the August 13 resolution were eventually accepted by India and Pakistan; however, Pakistan placed such conditions on its acceptance that UNCIP was forced to consider it"tantamount to rejection.’ In any event, no withdrawal of Pakistani forces or tribesmen occurred, although later that same year, a cease-fire line was agreed upon, and a U.N. Military Observer Group was eventually dispatched to supervise the line.51Despite its efforts, the Commission was disbanded in favor of individual U.N. Representatives. From 1949 until 1953, these Representatives worked to negotiate a plebiscite in Kashmir but with no success. The U.N. remained active in the Kashmir issue for many years, and the Security Council frequently renewed its call for a plebiscite.

Source

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