The form of a folk song as heard at any one time, however, is likely to have been very much affected by the entire community because of its life in oral tradition. Once introduced, a song could be easily dropped from the repertory. More likely, however, as it was passed from parents to children and to friends and associates and coworkers, it would be changed. Numerous influences acted on a song, including creativity, forgetfulness, previously learned songs, and stylistic expectations. As a result, it might become shorter or more like new styles of popular or church music, for example. Any new song would be likely to undergo this process of communal re-creation. An important characteristic of a song or piece in traditional folk culture is, thus, its dependence on acceptance by a community—that is, by a village, nation, or family—and its tendency to change as it is passed from one individual to another and performed.

Music primarily functions as
Entertainment…

Which came first in the development of electronic or recorded mass media?
b. Phonograph…

Thomas Edison patented a method for recording sound on a tinfoil cylinder, which he called the
a. Phonograph…

Until the invention of CDs, technological developments in recorded music could best be described as
c. Lower sound quality in more portable units…

The three major labels that control much of the recording industry today are
b. Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment, and the Warner Music Group…

Independent labels produce 66 percent of the recorded music, but only
b. 20 percent of the sales…

List prices for CDs are about $17. Artist and producer royalties are about
a. $2 per CD…

Radio today is as vital as ever. Why?
a. Just about everybody listens to radio, no particular technical skill is required of the listener, and an electrical connection is not essential…

What was created in 1927 to help establish some sort of regulation and order over the chaos of the largely unregulated airwaves?
a. Radio Act…

Which is the most popular genre of music in terms of number of radio stations?
c. Country…

Q.1 Solution:
Camera Jib:
Device that’s come into wide use in the last decade is the camera jib, essentially a long, highly maneuverable boom or crane-like device with a mounted camera at the end. You frequently see them in action swinging overhead at concerts and major events. A jib allows sweeping camera movements from ground level to nine meters (thirty feet) or more in the air.
Camera Copters/ Drone Cameras
Since remotely-controlled, helicopter-type drones can move into places inaccessible by individuals or fixed-wing aircraft, they can provide coverage of events otherwise unattainable. Plus, helicopter type drones can hover above news scenes for extended periods of time. The video signal is relayed (live) to a receiver on the ground.

Q.2 Differentiate the below given camera movements while giving an example of each.
・ Dolly
・ Trucking
Answer:
We refer to moving (rolling) the entire camera toward or away from the subject as a dolly (“dolly in” for a close shot or “dolly back” for a wide-shot).
A lateral move (rolling the camera to the left or right on the pedestal) is trucking, as in “truck left” or “truck right.”
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